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Poland grows into the EU s sixth-largest economy with nearly 923bn GDP in 2025
At a glance
- Poland's nominal GDP reached €922.9 billion in 2025, representing 4.9% of EU output.
- Poland is now the EU's sixth-largest economy, behind Germany, France, Italy, Spain and the Netherlands.
- The combined GDP of the 27 EU members was approximately €18.8 trillion in 2025.
- Poland's real GDP growth in 2025 was 3.6%, outpacing the EU average growth of 1.5%.
- Despite its aggregate size, Poland's GDP per capita remained below the EU average (less than 85%).
- Poland is the largest economy in Central and Eastern Europe, well ahead of Romania, the Czech Republic and Hungary.
Poland's rise in the EU economic rankings
Poland moved up the European economic league table in 2025, becoming the European Union's sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP. Eurostat data show Poland's GDP at current prices reached €922.9 billion in 2025, equal to about 4.9% of the EU's total output.
Only five EU economies were larger: Germany (€4.47 trillion), France (€2.99 trillion), Italy (€2.26 trillion), Spain (€1.69 trillion) and the Netherlands (€1.17 trillion). Poland's new position places it ahead of Belgium, Sweden, Ireland and Austria.
What the numbers show
Poland is now the dominant economy in Central and Eastern Europe. For context, Romania's GDP stood at €380.1 billion in 2025, the Czech Republic at €347.3 billion and Hungary at €218.8 billion. The combined GDP of the 27 EU member states reached roughly €18.8 trillion in 2025; Germany accounted for the largest share at 23.8%, followed by France at 15.9% and Italy at 12%.
Poland's advance reflects several years of steady expansion driven by industrial development, rising exports, and stronger domestic consumption and investment. In 2025, Poland's real GDP grew by 3.6%, outpacing the EU-wide growth rate of 1.5%.
A large economy does not automatically mean higher living standards. When adjusted for population, GDP per capita remains below the EU average: Eurostat reports Poland's GDP per head in 2025 was under 85% of the EU mean, underscoring that aggregate size and individual prosperity can diverge.
Poland's elevation to sixth place marks an important milestone in the country's posttransition economic trajectory. The figures highlight both its growing weight in the European economy and the continuing challenge of raising living standards to match its larger GDP footprint.
